​1. Introduction to Metabolic Engineering and Its Applications

2. Basic Tools of Metabolic Pathway Analysis

3. Gene Expression Systems for Pathway Regulation

4. Genome editing, base editing, CRISPRi/a for rewiring metabolic fluxes.

5. Modular genetic circuits, biosynthetic gene clusters, and minimal genome chassis

development.

6. In vivo and in vitro evolution of enzymes and regulatory elements using error-prone

PCR, mutator strains, and biosensor-based selection.

7. Light-inducible gene expression and real-time metabolite sensing.

8. Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and fluxomics for systems-

level optimization.

9. E. coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Corynebacterium, and Pseudomonas optimization

for amino acids, alcohols, organic acids.

10. Production of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and biofortified crops.

11. Photosynthetic platforms for fuels, nutraceuticals, and CO₂ fixation.

12. Next-gen probiotics producing therapeutic molecules (e.g., butyrate, GABA).

13. Predictive modeling, pathway optimization, and retrosynthetic algorithms.

14. In vitro enzymatic cascades and protein synthesis systems.

15. Nanocarriers for pathway enzymes, quantum dot-based biosensors.

16. High-throughput platforms for screening mutants and enzyme variants.

17. Metabolic engineering for cellulases, ethanol, butanol, PHA, PLA.

18. Artemisinin, paclitaxel, resveratrol, and other plant-derived drugs via engineered

microbes.

19. Enhanced nutrient uptake, stress resilience, and carbon assimilation in crops.

20. Biosafety, containment, societal perception, and policy implications.